Early Signs of Autism in Babies and Toddlers: When to Seek Support

Parents are often the first to notice that something about their child’s development feels different. Trusting that instinct matters. Signs of autism can often be seen before a child’s second birthday, and getting support early can make a real difference to a child’s communication, learning and wellbeing.

Social communication

Some of the earliest signs involve how a baby connects and shares attention with others. You might notice that your child:

• Rarely looks at faces, or seldom shares smiles back and forth by around 6 to 9 months
• Does not regularly respond to their name by around 12 months
• Rarely babbles back and forth with you
• Does not look where you point, or bring things to show you because they want to share them
• Seems content to play alone for long periods and is not interested in simple games such as peek-a-boo

Gestures and words

Gestures come before words and are an important part of communication. Pay attention if your child:

• Is not pointing, waving or reaching to be picked up by around 12 months
• Has no single words by around 16 months
• Is not putting two words together on their own, such as “more milk”, by 24 months
• Repeats words or phrases they have heard, but rarely uses language to ask for things or share interest

Play

Autistic toddlers may play in ways that look different. For example, they may line up toys, spin wheels or open and close doors over and over, rather than using toys in pretend play such as feeding a doll. They may also find it hard to copy what others do.

Repetitive behaviours and sensory differences

• Repeated movements, such as hand flapping, rocking or spinning
• Strong distress at small changes in routine
• Very intense interest in particular objects or parts of objects
• Unusual reactions to sounds, textures, lights or smells, such as covering ears or refusing certain clothes or foods

Loss of skills needs prompt attention

If your child loses words, social skills or other abilities they used to have, at any age, speak to a doctor promptly. Loss of skills can happen in autism, but it can also be a sign of other medical conditions that need to be checked.

Remember: one sign is not a diagnosis

Every child develops at their own pace. Many children show one or two of these signs and are not autistic. What matters is the overall pattern, especially in social communication. If you are unsure, it is always better to ask than to “wait and see.”

How to talk to your paediatrician

If you feel your concerns are being dismissed, it is reasonable to ask for a second opinion. You know your child best.

How FXMed can help

If your child is autistic or being assessed, we can look at physical health factors, such as digestion, sleep and nutrition, that can affect how they feel and behave. Our Autism Support program works alongside your child’s paediatrician, therapists and school. It does not aim to cure or change autism. It focuses on the physical health issues, such as digestion, nutrition and sleep, that can make everyday life harder.

This article is for general education and does not replace advice from your own doctor or care team. If you are worried about your child’s development or health, please speak to a qualified professional.