Nasal Fractures: First Aid and Recovery in Lagos

The Most Commonly Broken Bone in the Face

The nasal bones are the most frequently fractured facial bones — from road traffic accidents, contact sports, falls, and interpersonal trauma. In Lagos, with its high road traffic injury burden, nasal fractures are extremely common. Appropriate early management prevents both cosmetic deformity and the breathing problems caused by septal deviation.

Immediate First Aid

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1. Lean forward slightly — allows blood to drain out rather than down the throat
2. Pinch the soft part of the nose firmly for 10–15 continuous minutes — do not release to check; do not pack with tissue
3. Apply ice wrapped in cloth to reduce swelling — do not apply directly to skin
4. Do NOT attempt to straighten the nose yourself
5. Seek medical assessment within 3–5 days — once initial swelling subsides, the fracture can be assessed and reduced if needed

When to Seek Emergency Care Immediately

• Bleeding that cannot be controlled after 20 minutes of correct pressure
• Clear fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) draining from the nose after significant head trauma
• Loss of consciousness at time of injury
• Significant facial bone displacement or sunken appearance
• Signs of septal haematoma: blue, boggy swelling blocking both nostrils — this is a surgical emergency requiring drainage within hours to prevent cartilage necrosis

The Treatment Window

Closed manipulation of a nasal fracture (straightening under local anaesthetic) must be done within 2–3 weeks of injury, before the bone consolidates in the displaced position. After this window, surgical rhinoplasty is required for correction. FXMed's mobile team can assess nasal injuries at home and facilitate prompt ENT referral to ensure the treatment window is not missed.